By DENNIS WYATT

209 Living

LEE VINING — Walk along the shores of Mono Lake 160 miles east of Manteca via Highway 120 and you’ll be struck by two oddities of nature you won’t find anywhere else in California.

First, there are the brine flies. Each step you take, they swarm up from the ground and buzz your ankles without ever making landing on you.

The other is perhaps the most eerie thing you’ll see — tufa towers.

The tufa (pronounced (‘toofah’) are what forms when the carbonates in the salty lake water combine with the calcium on fresh spring water that forces its way up beneath the lake’s bottom. They combine to become limestone. Tufa is found in other alkaline water but the quantity and variety of tufa towers found at Mono Lake are unlike any elsewhere on earth giving you the feeling you’re gazing at a half hobbit, half Star Wars landscape with a whimsical touch.

Some of the towers on the south shore are between 200 and 900 years old while those high above the current lake bed are estimated at 13,000 years of age or older.

Make no mistake about it. The appeal of a stay in Lee Vining — the only eastern gateway to Yosemite National Park — is Mono Lake and the volcanic scars that Mother Nature has carved into the landscape.

Since Mono Lake is 2.5 times saltier than the ocean and eight times more alkaline, a swim in the waters is an experience unparalleled anywhere else. The buoyancy you experience in a swim gives you a strange yet relaxing feeling of calm. Just be careful to keep the water out of your eyes and any cuts as it will sting.

The 60 square miles offer ample opportunity for boating and canoeing but you are advised to stay close to shore unless you are familiar with the lake since shortly after mid-morning breezes kick up and often turn into severe winds.

A must for any weekend visit are the summer canoe tours ($25 per person with no pet or kids under age 4 owed) that depart Saturday and Sunday mornings at 8, 9:30 and 11 a.m. to explore groves of tufa spires and take in birds and the vast scenery of the Mono Lake Basin. Reservations are required and must be made through the Mono Lake Committee Information Center and Bookstore that doubles as the Lee Vining Chamber of Commerce. The center is open daily from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. seven days a week and can be reached by calling 1-760-647-6595.

The information center on Highway 395 and Third Street is a mecca of sorts for those who joined the Save the Mono Lake campaign in 1978 to greatly reduce the Los Angeles Water Department’s diversion of fresh water flows into the lake in a never-ending bid to quench the thirst of the L.A. Basin. Mono Lake, which has no outlet had been steadily shrinking the lake which to half of its 1941 levels. Seven streams at one time provided 65 percent of the freshwater flow into Mono Lake. By 1978, they were providing 17 percent of the water supply for Los Angeles. The direct result was a drop of 40 feet in lake elevation and doubling the salinity.

The shrinking lake threatened to create a land bridge to two islands in the middle of the lake to allow easy access for predators to where many birds nest. Altogether 98 species of water birds thrive at Mono Lake.

It is at the information center that you can browse perhaps the most diverse book selection on California water politics in one spot (at least what is primarily a tourist attraction) as well as find out more about the committee’s ongoing efforts to save one of North America’s oldest lakes as scientists put its birth at 700,000 years ago.

To properly explore Mono Lake, you need to start at the information center.

You’ll find out about the Mono Craters on the south shore off of Highway 120 that range from 600 to 40,000 years of age. Several are easily accessible by car, others by short hikes.

Most roads providing access near the shore are classified as four-wheel drive including the access to Navy Beach which is the best place to launch a boat even though there is no ramp. Slow driving allows you to reach many points on the south shore as long as your vehicle has fairly decent clearance.

There is excellent access at the Mono Lake County Park just north of Lee Vining that includes plank pathways that take you by high and dry tufa towers and to vista points where you can see others in the water. The northeast side of the lake is where you can access a fairly decent dirt road to take you to the amazing Black Point fissures where the power of the earth is revealed in tortured layer after layer of rock.

These seven streams, by the way, are home to some of the best trout fishing you’ll find in the eastern Sierra. The lakes at Tioga Pass alongside Highway 120 are just 12 miles away.

If fishing isn’t your bag, a 45 minute drive north of Lee Vining takes to Bodie — the best and most well-preserved, historic ghost town in the country bar none.

There are numerous camp grounds in the Lee Vining Canyon, June Lake Loop and elsewhere maintained by the Forest Service and Private concerns. Lee Vining also has motels,

The first time I came across Mono Lake I was headed on a fully loaded bicycle touring trip with another bicyclist from Sacramento. We climbed eastward up Highway 120 some 12 miles gaining 4,000 feet in elevation until we reached Tioga Pass — the eastern entrance to Yosemite — at nearly 10,000 feet. It is the loftiest segment of state highway in California.

I subsequently bicycled twice from Manteca over the pass on loops back up Monitor Pass through Jackson before taking my first trip in a car that afforded me the chance to explore the lake.

The trip — either by bicycle or in car — is my favorite for several reasons. You pass through the Yosemite high country which IÊprefer to the Yosemite Valley Ñ and then enjoy the alpine beauty near summit before plunging to toward the desolate beauty of the Mono Basin through a glacier carved canyon.

To reach Mono Lake from Manteca, take Highway 120 east into Yosemite National Park (you have to pay a $30 entrance fee that’s good for a week) and take the high country road (which still Highway 120) at Crane Flat.

The trip takes a good four hours without stopping.

And if you come back, you’ll be able to see the state highway sign giving direction to Manteca that’s the farthest away from the Family City as you turn off Highway 395 and start the climb back up Tioga Pass.